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2008年初广西遭受了五十年一遇罕见的持续低温雨雪冰冻天气过程。在大量现场调查的基础上,对广西低温雨雪冰冻天气过程中以及冰雪融化期间发生的地质灾害类型、特征、灾害的时空分布以及形成机理进行研究。研究表明:(1)灾害类型以崩塌为主,其次为滑坡、地面塌陷和地裂缝;(2)地质灾害规模以小型为主,不同的灾害类型分布区域性强,持续低温雨雪冰冻天气过程不仅激活了一些已存在的灾害隐患点,而且产生了大量新的地质灾害点和隐患点;(3)低温雨雪冰冻天气过程与地质灾害的时空分布总体上是一致的;(4)广西脆弱的地质环境与数十年一遇的天气过程二者叠加作用,导致了各类地质灾害的频发,其中低温雨雪冰冻天气过程是诱发地质灾害的主要因素。
At the beginning of 2008, Guangxi suffered a rare continuous cold rain and snow in 50 years. On the basis of a large number of field surveys, the types and characteristics of geological hazards, the spatial and temporal distribution of disasters and their formation mechanism during the freezing weather of low temperature rain and snow in Guangxi and during the melting of ice and snow are studied. The results show that: (1) the disasters are dominated by landslides, followed by landslides, ground subsidence and ground fissures; (2) the scale of geological disasters is mainly small and the distribution of different disaster types is strong; Which not only activate some existed disaster hidden points, but also generate a large number of new geological disasters and hidden danger spots; (3) the temporal and spatial distribution of low temperature snow and frozen weather process and geological disasters are generally consistent; (4) Guangxi fragile Of the geological environment and decades of weather process superposition of the two, leading to frequent occurrence of various types of geological disasters, including low temperature snow and freezing weather process is the main factor inducing geological disasters.