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【目的】研究天然植物精油对大菱鲆弧菌的体外和体内抗菌活性。【方法】采用纸片扩散法和微量肉汤稀释法对14种植物精油或其组分的体外抑菌活性进行检测;通过细菌形态透射电镜观察、胞内乳酸脱氢酶及核酸释放研究山苍子精油对大菱鲆弧菌的膜损伤作用;采用大菱鲆人工攻毒感染实验研究山苍子精油的体内抗菌作用。【结果】14种植物精油或其组分对大菱鲆弧菌具有不同程度的抑制效果,其中肉桂醛的抗菌活性最强,最低抑菌浓度为0.25μL/m L;百里香酚、丁香酚、柠檬醛和山苍子的抗菌活性次之,最低抑菌浓度为0.5μL/m L;山苍子精油可破坏大菱鲆弧菌的细胞膜,并导致胞内蛋白酶和核酸外泄;经200μL/L山苍子精油浸浴后,大菱鲆攻毒后死亡率由对照组50%降至0。【结论】富含芳香醛、芳香酚和柠檬醛的植物精油对大菱鲆弧菌具有良好抗菌活性,有望替代抗生素用于大菱鲆弧菌病的防治。
【Objective】 To study the antibacterial activity of natural plant essential oil on V. vibrio in vitro and in vivo. 【Method】 The antibacterial activities of essential oils of 14 species or their components in vitro were tested by disk diffusion and broth microdilution method. The bacterial lactobacillus dehydrogenase and nucleic acid release were observed by bacterial morphology transmission electron microscopy. The effect of sub essential oil on Vibrio albureus membrane injury; using turbot artificial infection experimental study of Litsea cubeba essential oil in vivo antibacterial effect. 【Result】 The results showed that 14 kinds of plant essential oils or their components had different inhibitory effects on Vibrio sinicus. Among them, cinnamaldehyde had the strongest antibacterial activity with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 μL / m L; the content of thymol, Citral and Litsea cubeba antibacterial activity followed by the minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5μL / m L; Litsea cubeba essential oil can damage the membrane membrane of the turbot turbot and led to intracellular protease and nucleic acid excretion; 200μL / L Litsea cubes essential oil immersion, the mortality of turbot challenge decreased from 50% in the control group to 0. 【Conclusion】 The plant essential oil rich in aromatic aldehydes, aromatic phenols and citral has good antibacterial activity against Vibrio albopictus and is expected to replace antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of Vibrio philippinarum.