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目的探讨郑州大学第二附属医院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生特点,促进临床合理用药。方法对郑州大学第二附属医院2009年7月20日—2010年12月30日收集到的180例ADR报告分别从药物种类、抗感染药物类别、涉及的器官系统、给药途径及患者年龄等方面进行统计分析。结果 180例ADR报告中,60岁以上的老年患者发生ADR多于青壮年患者;引起ADR的主要为青霉素类和喹诺酮类抗感染药物、中草药注射剂及循环系统药物,分别占25.7%、25.7%、13.9%和10.0%;发生ADR的给药途径主要为静脉滴注和口服给药,分别占82.2%和13.9%;ADR涉及的器官主要为皮肤及其附件、消化系统、泌尿系统、神经系统及循环系统,分别占37.8%、23.9%、12.8%、10.6%及9.4%。结论 ADR的发生与患者年龄因素、抗感染药物的使用、中药注射剂的质量、静脉给药方式有关,ADR最常见表现为皮肤及其附件损害。
Objective To explore the occurrence of adverse drug reaction (ADR) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and to promote clinical rational use of drugs. Methods A total of 180 ADRs collected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 20, 2009 to December 30, 2010 were collected respectively from the categories of drugs, the categories of anti-infective drugs, the organ systems involved, the route of administration and the patient’s age Statistical analysis. Results Among the 180 cases of ADR, more ADR occurred in elderly patients over 60 years old than in young adults. The major ADR causes were penicillins and quinolone anti-infectives, Chinese herbal injection and circulatory system drugs, accounting for 25.7% and 25.7% 13.9% and 10.0% respectively. ADR was mainly given by intravenous infusion and oral administration, accounting for 82.2% and 13.9% respectively. The organs involved in ADR were mainly skin and its appendages, digestive system, urinary system, nervous system and Circulatory system, accounting for 37.8%, 23.9%, 12.8%, 10.6% and 9.4% respectively. Conclusion The occurrence of ADR is related to the age of patients, the use of anti-infectives, the quality of Chinese medicine injection and the way of intravenous administration. The most common manifestation of ADR is the damage of the skin and its appendages.