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氟化钠是一种无色发亮的晶体,溶于水而呈碱性,难溶于乙醇。氟化钠的用途十分广泛,在林业和医药上可用作防腐剂,酿造业上可用作理想的杀菌剂,农业上作杀虫剂,另外,可用于饮用水的氟化处理等领域。化工上一般采用氟化氢加氢氧化钠或碳酸钠加氯化钙工艺制备氯化钠。钽铌冶炼工艺中在反钽(锯)液中和氢氧化钽(锯)调洗工序有大量的含氟废水产生,其中含有F~-等有价离子,很有回收价值。笔者对从钽铌冶炼工艺产生的含氟废水中回收氟化钠的原理、工艺流程及过程作如下简介。
Sodium fluoride is a colorless, shiny crystal, soluble in water and alkaline, hardly soluble in ethanol. Sodium fluoride is used for a wide range of purposes and is used as a preservative in forestry and medicine, as an antimicrobial agent in the brewing industry, as an insecticide in agriculture, and in the field of fluoride treatment of drinking water. Chemical generally used hydrogen fluoride plus sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate plus calcium chloride process preparation of sodium chloride. Tantalum and niobium smelting process in the anti-tantalum (saw) liquid and tantalum hydroxide (saw) washing process has a lot of fluorine-containing waste water generated, which contains F ~ - and other valuable ions, a great value for recycling. The author of the tantalum and niobium smelting process generated fluorine-containing wastewater recovery of sodium fluoride principle, process and process for the following introduction.