论文部分内容阅读
目的了解河南省居民对烟草危害的认知和对公共场所禁烟的态度,为开展针对性的控烟工作提供依据。方法于2010年8—9月,采用4阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取河南省2056名15～69岁居民,由调查员进行入户问卷调查,调查问卷包含个人信息、吸烟情况、戒烟情况、受二手烟危害情况及对吸烟危害的知识、态度和认识等部分。结果河南省居民的吸烟率为21.11%。调查居民中知道吸烟会造成严重疾病的占79.13%,知道吸烟会造成中风的占39.93%,知道吸烟会造成心脏病发作的占40.95%,知道吸烟会造成肺癌的占78.06%,但仅有11.38%的居民认为标明低焦油含量的卷烟的危害不比一般卷烟小。36.58%的居民非常赞同在公共场所室内完全禁烟不设吸烟室,吸烟者与不吸烟者对于在公共场所室内完全禁烟不设吸烟室态度有差异(χ2=92.01,P<0.05)。结论居民缺乏吸烟对人体危害的具体认识,对公共场所禁烟缺乏足够支持。应积极开展健康教育和健康促进,提高居民对吸烟有害健康的认知,争取其对公共场所禁烟的全面支持。
Objective To understand the residents of Henan Province, the awareness of tobacco hazards and no smoking in public places attitude to carry out targeted tobacco control provide the basis. Methods From August to September 2010, a total of 2056 inhabitants from 15 to 69 years old in Henan Province were recruited by 4-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Household survey questionnaires were collected by questionnaires. The questionnaires included personal information, smoking status, smoking cessation Situation, exposure to second-hand smoke and harm to knowledge, attitude and awareness of smoking and so on. Results The smoking rate of residents in Henan Province was 21.11%. The survey found that 79.13% of residents knew that smoking caused serious diseases, 39.93% knew that smoking caused stroke, 40.95% knew that smoking caused a heart attack, and 78.06% knew that smoking caused lung cancer but only 11.38 % Of residents think that cigarettes marked with low tar content are not as harmful as cigarettes. 36.58% of residents strongly agree that there is no smoking room in the total indoor smoking ban in public places. There is a difference in smoking no smoking room between smokers and non-smokers (χ2 = 92.01, P <0.05). Conclusions Residents lacked a specific understanding of the hazards of smoking and did not adequately support smoking ban in public places. Health education and health promotion should be actively carried out to raise residents’ awareness of the harmful effects of smoking and strive for their full support for smoking cessation in public places.