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一、引言近三十年来,世界耗银量远远超过开采量。现今每年耗银量为20,000～25,000吨,而开采量只有7,000～10,000吨。照相化学工业耗银4000～5000吨,其中柯达公司用银2000吨,富士、小西六、阿克发-吉伐公司各用银700吨(计2100吨),波拉公司耗银100吨,其它中小厂家需银10～20吨。银的供需矛盾不可避免地表现在银价上,尤其1979～1980年出现的白银投机活动更导致银价暴涨(图1)。为此各感光化学厂家不得不采取有效的节银措施。
I. Introduction In the past three decades, the world’s consumption of silver has far exceeded the amount of mining. Today, silver consumption is 20,000 to 25,000 tons per annum, while mining volume is only 7,000 to 10,000 tons. Photochemical silver 4,000 to 5,000 tons of chemical industry, of which Kodak company with silver 2000 tons, Fuji, a small West Six, Acker Fat - Jager Company each with silver 700 tons (2100 tons), Bola company consumed silver 100 tons, other Small and medium-sized manufacturers need silver 10 to 20 tons. The contradiction between the supply and demand of silver is inevitably reflected in the price of silver. In particular, silver speculation in 1979-1980 led to the soaring price of silver (Figure 1). For this reason, all the sensitive chemical manufacturers have to take effective measures for saving silver.