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目的:了解济南市5岁以下儿童营养状况及其影响因素,为制定改善儿童营养状况的措施提供依据。方法:采用整群分层抽样的方法对济南市10个县(市)区5岁以下儿童母亲10106例进行问卷调查及对儿童进行体格测量。结果:5岁以下儿童的营养状况存在性别及城乡差别。儿童营养不良及肥胖发生率均为农村高于城区。适时断奶、适时添加辅食是避免发生肥胖及营养不良共同的保护性因素。结论:济南市5岁以下儿童营养状况较好,科学的喂养方式是保障5岁以下儿童正常发育的重要措施。
Objective: To understand the nutritional status of children under 5 years of Jinan City and its influencing factors, to provide a basis for the development of measures to improve children’s nutritional status. Methods: A cluster stratified sampling method was used to survey 10,106 mothers of mothers under 5 years of age in 10 counties (cities) of Jinan City and to measure the physical fitness of children. Results: The nutritional status of children under 5 years of age and gender differences exist between urban and rural areas. Child malnutrition and obesity rates are higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Timely weaning, timely food supplement is to avoid obesity and malnutrition common protective factors. Conclusion: The nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in Jinan is good and the scientific feeding mode is an important measure to ensure the normal development of children under 5 years of age.