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目的调查河北省霸州地区不良妊娠史孕妇弓形虫感染状况及其危险因素。方法选择2012年3月至2015年12月廊坊市第四人民医院妇产科接诊的不良妊娠史孕妇302例为调查对象(实验组),正常对照组为产前检查无异常妊娠史的孕妇197例。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测2组孕妇血清弓形虫IgG(TOX-IgG)和IgM抗体(TOX-IgM)含量。同时,对2组孕妇进行弓形虫感染危险因素问卷调查。收集整理数据并进行统计分析。结果实验组弓形虫抗体总阳性率为28.15%(85/302),对照组总阳性率为9.64%(19/197),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=24.76,P<0.05)。其中实验组TOX-IgM阳性率为6.95%(21/302),TOX-IgG阳性率为18.54%(56/302),TOX-IgM和TOX-IgG同为阳性者占2.65%(8/302),均高于对照组的2.03%(4/197)、7.61%(15/197)和0(0/197)(χ~2值分别为6.07、11.67、3.76、P均<0.05)。调查显示弓形虫感染孕妇中饲养宠物、菜板生熟不分、喜吃火锅或烧烤、吃生肉习惯、经常在外就餐等比例均明显高于未感染弓形虫的孕妇(χ~2值分别为22.57、3.96、5.87、7.40、4.86,P均<0.05),提示上述不良生活或卫生习惯可能是孕妇感染弓形虫的重要危险因素。结论弓形虫感染可导致不良妊娠的发生。避免与宠物密切接触、不吃未煮熟的肉类以及加强个人卫生防护等是避免育龄妇女发生不良妊娠结局的有效途径。
Objective To investigate the status and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women with adverse pregnancy history in Bazhou, Hebei Province. Methods A total of 302 pregnant women with adverse pregnancy history from March 2012 to December 2015 in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Langfang City were enrolled in the study. The control group was pregnant women without abnormal pregnancy history 197 cases. Serum Toxoplasma gondii IgG (TOX-IgG) and IgM antibody (TOX-IgM) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. At the same time, two groups of pregnant women Toxoplasma gondii infection risk factors questionnaire survey. Collect and organize data and conduct statistical analysis. Results The total positive rate of Toxoplasma gondii antibody was 28.15% (85/302) in experimental group and 9.64% (19/197) in control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 24.76, P <0.05). The positive rate of TOX-IgM in TOX-IgM and TOX-IgG was 6.95% (21/302), 18.54% (56/302) in TOX-IgM and 2.65% , Which were higher than those in the control group (2.03%, 7.61% and 0/197 respectively) (χ ~ 2 values were 6.07, 11.67 and 3.76 respectively, P <0.05). Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women survey showed that pets, cutting board regardless of raw and cooked, like to eat hot pot or barbecue, eat raw meat habits, often eating outside the proportion were significantly higher than uninfected Toxoplasma gondii pregnant women (χ ~ 2 values were 22.57 , 3.96,5.87,7.40,4.86, P <0.05), suggesting that the above adverse life or health habits may be an important risk factor for pregnant women infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Conclusion Toxoplasma gondii infection can lead to adverse pregnancy. Avoiding close contact with pets, eating undercooked meat and strengthening personal hygiene are all effective ways to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes in women of childbearing age.