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以24个东北水稻主栽品种为供试材料,通过人工气候室模拟水稻分蘖期低温胁迫条件,研究低温胁迫对东北水稻主栽品种产量及光合特性的影响。结果表明,在水稻光合特性方面,低温胁迫下不同耐冷性水稻品种叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Tr)、蒸腾速率(Gs)均明显下降,且下降幅度表现为低抗品种>中抗品种>高抗品种,而胞间CO2浓度(Ci)则有所上升;在水稻产量及构成因素方面,低温胁迫下不同耐冷性水稻品种每公顷穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率和千粒重均有所下降,其对产量构成因素影响大小表现为每公顷穗数>每穗实粒数>千粒重,尤对低抗品种影响明显。
Twenty-four main varieties of northeast rice were used as test materials to simulate the low-temperature stress conditions at the tillering stage in the artificial climate chamber to study the effects of low-temperature stress on the yield and photosynthetic characteristics of the Northeast rice varieties. The results showed that in the photosynthetic characteristics of rice, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Tr) and transpiration rate (Gs) of different cold tolerance rice cultivars decreased significantly under low temperature stress, and the decreasing range showed low resistant varieties> Resistant varieties> highly resistant varieties, while the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) increased. In terms of rice yield and its components, the number of ears per hectare, the number of grains per panicle, the seed setting rate of cold-tolerant rice cultivars under low temperature stress And 1000-grain weight all decreased. The impact on the yield components was as follows: spikes per hectare> grains per spike> 1000-grain weight, especially for low resistant varieties.