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以小流域为背景，研究生态系统的行为是理解自然过程和人为过程的有效途径之一。本文以一温带森林生态系统小流域为例，通过分析和比较该生态系统的不同时空状态下的水化学过程，研究了该生态系统对酸雨和土地利用的响应行为。结果表明，该小流域生态系统具有较强的缓冲功能。沿森林生态系统水循环的路径，作者探索了该小流域生态系统缓冲能力形成的内在基础。
Taking a small watershed as a background, studying ecosystem behavior is one of the effective ways to understand natural processes and man-made processes. Taking a small watershed of a temperate forest ecosystem as an example, this paper studied the response of the ecosystem to acid rain and land use by analyzing and comparing the water chemistry processes under different temporal and spatial conditions. The results show that the small watershed ecosystem has a strong buffer function. Along the path of the forest ecosystem water cycle, the author explores the built-in foundation for the formation of buffer capacity in this small watershed ecosystem.