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一、永磁材料发展的新时代永磁材料(又称硬磁材料或恒磁材料)是机电工业的基础材料之一,它的用途是十分广泛的。永磁材料的应用按其功能可分为下述五类: (1)将电能转化为机械能,如小型电动机、各种音响设备中的喇叭等。 (2)将机械能转换为电能,如发电机、拾音器、麦克风等。 (3)直接利用磁体的吸引力或排斥力,如选矿机、磁轴承、磁耦合等。 (4)利用离子束或电子束在磁场中的偏转,如行波管、速调管、磁控管等。 (5)利用磁场对介质或生物体的作用,如磁水器、油田用的降蜡器、磁疗器械等。随着科学技术的不断发展,工业生产对永磁材料的需求量不断增长。据不完全统计,全世界永磁材料
A new era of the development of permanent magnet materials Permanent magnet materials (also known as hard magnetic materials or permanent magnetic materials) is one of the basic materials for the electrical and mechanical industries, its use is very extensive. The application of permanent magnetic materials according to their function can be divided into the following five categories: (1) the electrical energy into mechanical energy, such as small motors, speakers and other audio equipment. (2) convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, such as generator, pickup, microphone and so on. (3) direct use of magnet attraction or repulsion, such as concentrator, magnetic bearings, magnetic coupling. (4) the use of ion beam or electron beam deflection in the magnetic field, such as traveling wave tube, klystron, magnetron and so on. (5) The use of magnetic field on the media or biological role, such as magnetic water, wax paraffin field, magnetic equipment and so on. With the continuous development of science and technology, the demand for permanent magnetic materials in industrial production has been increasing. According to incomplete statistics, the world’s permanent magnetic materials