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乡村聚落作为半人工半自然的景观,是我国重要的景观类型之一,其物种多样性既有生态环境的原始性,又有城市聚落的人工性,有着重要的研究价值。该文在理解乡村聚落和物种多样性概念的基础上,总结了乡村聚落物种多样性的研究方法和影响因子,提出当前研究成果中存在的问题:对于多样性指数缺乏选择指标和深入的分析、与演替之间关系的研究较少。针对这些问题提出了在城市化背景下,乡村聚落物种多样性研究的展望,加深对时空尺度的关注,加强生态学与地理学的结合,从动态视角分析人为因子和非人为因子对乡村聚落物种多样性的影响以及带来的变化。
As a semi-artificial and semi-natural landscape, rural settlement is one of the most important landscape types in China. Its species diversity has not only the original ecological environment but also the artificiality of urban settlement, which has important research value. On the basis of understanding the concept of village settlement and species diversity, this article summarizes the research methods and influencing factors of the species diversity of rural settlements and puts forward some problems in the current research results. For the lack of selection index and in-depth analysis of diversity index, There is little research on the relationship between succession and succession. In view of these problems, the author puts forward the prospect of the research on the species diversity of rural settlements under the background of urbanization, deepens the attention to spatio-temporal scales, strengthens the combination of ecology and geography, and analyzes the influences of human factor and non-human factor on rural settlements The impact of diversity and the changes that come with it.