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DNA甲基化是一种真核生物体内的转录后修饰方式。大部分无脊椎动物的转录修饰不存在甲基化,但仍有一些低级的真核生物如枯氏锥虫、恶性疟原虫、海胆等存在DNA的甲基化。Tweedie等根据DNA甲基化的情况不同,把生物分为非甲基化、部分甲基化、完全甲基化等3组,并且假设DNA甲基化水平反映了机体的复杂程度,而甲基化本身则与精细调节机制的产生有关,即使是极低水平的甲基化也表明了精细调节机制的存在。
DNA methylation is a post-transcriptional modification of eukaryotes. Most invertebrate transcriptional modifications do not exist methylation, but there are still some low-grade eukaryotes such as Trypanosoma cruzi, Plasmodium falciparum, sea urchins exist DNA methylation. According to DNA methylation, Tweedie et al. Classify organisms into three groups: unmethylation, partial methylation, and complete methylation. Assuming that DNA methylation level reflects the complexity of the organism, The chemistry itself is associated with the production of fine regulatory mechanisms, and even very low levels of methylation indicate the existence of fine regulatory mechanisms.