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在桥梁明挖基坑的施工中,排水效果如何,起着重要作用;尤其是对于有流砂层的基坑,或者抢赶汛期之水下工程,更是主要关键。笔者曾参加某地方铁路京杭运河大桥施工,该桥16号及17号两墩基坑须穿过一米多厚流砂层,开始沿用一般明排水法排水,因缺乏坑壁加固材料,缠延两个多月未能挖成。后学习了水利部门经验,参照井点排水理论,采用土井点排水方法,使地下水位迅速下降。流砂层变为硬塑粉砂层。在浇筑混凝土基础时,基底干燥,施工非常方便。此后在其它桥梁上亦曾应用这一方法,都收到良好的效果。
In the construction of the open pit excavation of the bridge, the drainage effect plays an important role. Especially for the foundation pit with fluvial sands or the rush-sewer flood engineering, it is the key point. The author has participated in the construction of a local railway bridge, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. The two piles of No. 16 and No. 17 foundation pits have to pass through one meter thick thick sand layer and begin to be drained by the general drainage method. Due to the lack of reinforcement materials for pit walls, A month failed to dig into. After learning the experience of water conservancy department, refer to well point drainage theory, the use of well point drainage method, the groundwater level decreased rapidly. Sand layer into a hard plastic silt layer. When pouring concrete foundation, the base is dry, the construction is very convenient. Since then, this method has also been applied to other bridges and all have received good results.