论文部分内容阅读
维持性血液透析(HD)患者感染性心内膜炎(IE)发病率有上升之趋势,其病死率很高。感染多来源于HD的血管通路,尤其是应用人造移植血管或血管内留置导管者。IE 最常侵犯二尖瓣。病原菌以金黄色葡萄球菌最多见。无套囊的双腔导管、透析时间短、安置心脏起搏器等是HD患者发生IE的危险因素。IE患者的预后不良,尤其是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌性IE,病死率几乎100％。近年来,为改善预后进行了许多有益的尝试,但仍存争议。
The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients is on the rise, with a high case fatality rate. Infections mostly originate from the vascular access of HD, especially those using artificial grafts or catheters. IE most often violates the mitral valve. Staphylococcus aureus pathogens most common. Non-cuffed dual-lumen catheter, dialysis time is short, placement of pacemaker and other risk factors for HD in patients with IE. IE patients with poor prognosis, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus IE, the case fatality rate is almost 100%. In recent years, there have been many controversial attempts to improve the prognosis.