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目的分析北京、成都、上海、广州居民的夏季一天不同时间段的饮水行为。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法从四城市抽取18～60岁成年人1483名,使用连续7天的饮水记录表,由调查对象利用定量用具详细记录每天8个时间段内每次饮水的种类及饮水量。结果调查对象早、中、晚餐后的饮水率(97%～99%)及饮水量(290～471ml)较其他5个时间段高(饮水率:49%～88%;饮水量:54～166ml,F=972.55,P<0.01);白水、茶水、饮料的饮水人数与饮水量的分布情况同总水趋势一致。调查对象上午(719ml/d)的饮水量最高,其次是下午(539ml/d),晚上(417ml/d)的最低(F=265.49,P<0.01)。白水和饮料的饮用量均是上午最高;茶水上午和下午的接近,同时高于晚上(t=-52.13,P<0.01)。非就餐时(1436ml/d)的饮水量高于就餐时(240ml/d)的饮水量。就餐时饮料的饮用量最高;非就餐时白水的饮用量最高(P<0.05)。结论我国四城市居民在上午、下午、晚上均以饮用白水为主;就餐时以饮用饮料为主,非就餐时以白水为主。
Objective To analyze the drinking behavior of residents in Beijing, Chengdu, Shanghai and Guangzhou during different periods of summer day. Methods A total of 1483 adults aged 18-60 years were collected from four cities by using a multi-stage random sampling method. The drinking water record table was used for 7 consecutive days. The subjects used the quantitative instruments to record the types of drinking water and drinking water the amount. Results The water intake (97% -99%) and water consumption (290-471ml) of the subjects after breakfast, dinner and dinner were higher than those of the other five time periods (water consumption: 49% -88%; water consumption: 54-166ml , F = 972.55, P <0.01). The distribution of drinking water and drinking water of white water, tea water and beverage was the same as that of total water. In the morning (719ml / d), respondents reported the highest level of drinking water, followed by afternoon (539ml / d) and evening (417ml / d) (F = 265.49, P <0.01). White water and beverages were the highest in the morning; tea morning and afternoon close, while higher than the evening (t = -52.13, P <0.01). Drinking water at non-meals (1436ml / d) was higher than drinking water at meals (240ml / d). Drinks consumed the highest amount at mealtime; white water was consumed the highest at non-meals (P <0.05). Conclusions The residents of the four cities in our country are predominantly drinking white water in the morning, afternoon and evening; drinking mainly in the meal, and white water in non-dining.