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目的研究甲醛慢性吸入染毒致雄性小鼠生殖细胞遗传毒性。方法 SPF级雄性ICR小鼠40只,随机分为4组:低剂量组、高剂量组、阴性对照组和阳性对照组,每组10只,低、高剂量组染毒剂量分别为1、10 mg/m~3,用静式吸入的方法进行染毒,每天一次,每次2 h,连续染毒20周,阳性对照组给予环磷酰胺。小鼠染毒后继续饲养5周。观察并计算精子畸形率。结果阴性对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组的睾丸脏器系数分别为(0.81±0.13)%、(0.82±0.12)%和(0.78±0.12)%,各组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);阴性对照组、阳性对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组的精子畸形率分别为4.1%、6.4%、11.5%和11.3%,与阴性对照组比较,各染毒组精子畸形率明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);且染毒剂量与精子畸形率之间存在剂量-反应关系(r_s=0.888,P<0.01)。结论甲醛慢性吸入染毒可引起小鼠精子畸形率升高,且染毒剂量与精子畸形率之间存在剂量-反应关系。
Objective To study the genotoxicity of germ cells in male mice induced by chronic inhalation of formaldehyde. Methods Forty SPF male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups: low dose group, high dose group, negative control group and positive control group, with 10 rats in each group. The doses of low and high dose groups were 1, mg / m ~ 3, with a static inhalation method of exposure, once a day, every 2 h, continuous exposure to 20 weeks, the positive control group given cyclophosphamide. Mice were kept for 5 weeks after being infected. Observation and calculation of sperm deformity rate. Results The testicular organ coefficients in the negative control group, low dose group and high dose group were (0.81 ± 0.13)%, (0.82 ± 0.12)% and (0.78 ± 0.12)%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups P> 0.05). The sperm deformity rates in the negative control group, positive control group, low dose group and high dose group were 4.1%, 6.4%, 11.5% and 11.3%, respectively. Compared with the negative control group, (P <0.01). There was dose-response relationship between exposure dose and sperm deformity rate (r_s = 0.888, P <0.01). Conclusion Chronic inhalation of formaldehyde can cause the sperm deformity rate of mice to increase, and there is a dose-response relationship between exposure dose and sperm deformity rate.