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目的 :探讨釉质发育中釉器细胞的形态分化与其功能分化的关系 ,研究成熟期成釉细胞的 SA部与 RA部的形态在功能上的意义。方法 :采用大鼠进行心脏灌流固定、Epon、GMA树脂包埋 ,半薄切片技术 ,后进行甲苯氨蓝和组织化学染色 ,观察大鼠切牙发育组织形态学变化以及牙釉质蛋白的分布规律。结果 :大鼠的牙胚发育分为增殖期、分化期、成熟期。在成熟期成釉细胞呈特异的周期性变化 ,即 SA部和 RA部交替出现。组织化学研究结果显示在釉质形成期 ,釉质蛋白大部分留在釉基质层 ,也有一部分向牙本质内扩散到牙本质、牙本质小管以及造牙本质细胞层内。结论 :1大鼠切牙釉器发育的增殖期、分化期、成熟期分别与人牙的蕾状期、帽状期、钟状期相似。成熟期成釉细胞的 RA部与无机质的注入有关系 ,SA部与水和蛋白质的脱去有关系。 2关于牙釉质蛋白向牙本质侧的扩散 ,可能是起到促进成牙本质细胞的分化和诱导牙本质的钙化的作用
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the morphological differentiation of enamel cells during enamel development and their functional differentiation, and to investigate the functional significance of the morphology of SA and RA in mature ameloblasts. METHODS: Cardiac perfusion, Epon, GMA resin embedding and semi-thin sections were performed in rats. Toluidine blue and histochemical staining were performed to observe the histological changes of the incisors and the distribution of enamel proteins. Results: The rat tooth germ development was divided into proliferative phase, differentiation phase and mature phase. Ameloblasts in the mature period showed a specific cyclical changes, that is, SA and RA alternately. Histochemistry results show that during the enamel formation, most of the enamel proteins remain in the enamel matrix, while some diffuse into dentin into dentin, dentinal tubules, and dentin layers. Conclusions: The proliferative phase, differentiation phase and mature phase of rat incised tooth enamel development are similar to those of human tooth in bud, cap and bell. The RA portion of mature ameloblasts is associated with inorganic infusions, and the SA portion is associated with the removal of water and protein. 2 The diffusion of enamel to the dentin side may play a role in promoting differentiation of odontoblasts and inducing dentin calcification