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采用定株定果定期观测测量方法,对引进的东部黑核桃无性系物候期、花的形态结构、果实生长发育规律及果实重量等进行了系统研究。东部黑核桃嫁接树4年生开花结果。花单性,雌雄同株;雄花序为葇荑花序,具雄蕊30~50个,先于雌花开放;雌花序为穗状花序,1~4朵生于枝顶。雌蕊5月上旬授粉,子房从5月下旬开始迅速膨大,直到6月底约40天时间为果实速生期,从7月上旬至7月下旬30天为核壳硬化期,从8月初至8月底为果实成熟期。黑核桃果实发育期从柱头授粉直到果实成熟约需120天左右,可分为坐果期、速生期、硬壳期、成熟期4个时期。
Using the method of regular observation and determination of the fixed strain, the phenological period, the morphological and morphological structure of the flower, the growth and development of the fruit and the fruit weight of the introduced black walnut were systematically studied. Eastern black walnut grafted tree 4-year-old flowering result. Flowers unisexual, hermaphroditism; male inflorescences for the catkin inflorescence, with stamens 30 to 50, before the female flowers open; female inflorescence spikes, 1 to 4 born in the top. Pistil pollination in early May, ovary from the beginning of May rapidly expanded until about 40 days until the end of June for the fruit fast-growing period, from early July to late July 30 days for the shell-hardening period, from early August to the end of August Fruit ripening period. Black walnut fruit development period from stigma pollination until fruit maturity about 120 days, can be divided into fruit set, fast-growing period, crustacean, maturity of 4 periods.