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1 头颈外科的发展 1．1 头颈外科的定义。从学科发展的源头上说,耳鼻咽喉学科包括和孕育了头颈外科。耳鼻咽喉学科作为一个专门学科形成于二十世纪初,是一门由耳科学和喉科学(同时处理鼻部和胸部疾病) 结合在一起,在原始麻醉技术和无抗生素的条件下开展的外科。现代头颈外科的研究范围有广义和狭义之分。广义包括先天性疾病、创伤、感染和头颈部肿瘤。由于在这些疾病中肿瘤,尤其是恶性肿瘤较为常见,对患者危害严重,因此狭义的头颈外科学指的是头颈肿瘤外科学。
1 Development of head and neck surgery 1.1 Definition of head and neck surgery. From the source of the development of the discipline, the discipline of Otolaryngology includes and nurtured head and neck surgery. The Otorhinolaryngology discipline was formed as a specialized discipline in the early twentieth century and is a combination of otology and laryngeal science (which deals with both nasal and thoracic diseases) under conditions of original anesthetic techniques and antibiotic-free conditions. The scope of research in modern head and neck surgery is broad and narrow. Broadly speaking include congenital diseases, trauma, infections and head and neck cancers. Because of these diseases, tumors, especially malignant tumors, are more common and cause serious harm to patients. Therefore, the narrow head and neck surgery refers to head and neck tumor surgery.