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刺苍耳是恶性入侵杂草,为了研究其种子中的化感活性物质,对种子的95%乙醇浸提物,经石油醚、氯仿、正丁醇分级萃取,研究不同萃取组分(浓度为1 mg/mL)对小白菜、莴苣、黑麦草、金色狗尾草4种植物的化感作用强度。研究结果表明,石油醚萃取相对小白菜、莴苣、金色狗尾草3种植物根长生长表现出了显著的化感促进作用,其强弱顺序为小白菜>莴苣>金色狗尾草;而氯仿萃取相对小白菜、莴苣、黑麦草3种植物根长、苗高生长都表现出了很明显的化感抑制作用,其强弱顺序为莴苣>小白菜>黑麦草;正丁醇萃取相和水相对4种植物幼苗的根长无显著影响。表明几种受试植物对相同萃取相组分的敏感性有显著差异,且刺苍耳中的活性物质主要集中在氯仿相和石油醚相;刺苍耳种子氯仿萃取相具有很强的抑制活性,可进一步从中分离提取活性物质。
In order to study the allelochemicals in seeds, 95% ethanol extract of seeds was fractionated by petroleum ether, chloroform and n-butanol to study the effects of different extraction components (concentration: 1 mg / mL) on the allelochemicals of four species of cabbage, lettuce, ryegrass and Golden Foxtail. The results showed that the petroleum ether extract showed significant allelopathic effects on the root length growth of three Chinese cabbage, lettuce and Setaria viridis, with the order of the order being: Chinese cabbage> Lettuce> Golden foxtail; while chloroform extraction relative to Chinese cabbage , Lettuce and ryegrass all showed significant allelopathic inhibitory effects on the root length and seedling height, with the order of strength being lettuce> cabbage> ryegrass; n-butanol extract phase and water relative to the four plants The root length of seedlings had no significant effect. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the sensitivity of several tested plants to the components of the same extract, and the active substances of Cephalotaxus acutus mainly concentrated in the chloroform phase and the petroleum ether phase. The chloroform extract of Cephalotaxus senticosus seeds had a strong inhibitory activity , From which the active substance can be further separated and extracted.