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2002年12月19日,世界著名学术杂志《科学》按照惯例,评选出了2002年度的十大科技突破。像近几年的趋势一样,生命科学成果入选数量再次超过半数,有力地印证了“21世纪是生命科学的世纪”这一观点。一、“小核糖核酸”分子大显身手细胞中的脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)是控制生命的主角,而核糖核酸(RNA)在过去一直被DNA的光芒所掩盖。但是,2002年的众多科学发现都表明,RNA的重要性已经开始展现了。这些研究表明,一些长度较短的核糖核酸,即所谓“小核糖核酸”,能够对细胞和基因的很多行为进行控制,比如打开和关闭多种基因,删除一些不需要的DNA片段
On December 19, 2002, the world famous academic magazine “Science” selected the top ten technological breakthroughs in 2002 according to the convention. Like the trend in recent years, the number of selected achievements in life sciences has once again exceeded half, effectively confirming the view that “21st century is the century of life sciences”. First, “small RNA” molecules show that the DNA in the body’s cells is the protagonist of life control, and RNA has been overshadowed by DNA in the past. However, many scientific discoveries in 2002 have shown that the importance of RNA has begun to show. These studies show that some shorter ribonucleic acids, called “small RNAs,” can control many cell and gene behaviors, such as opening and closing multiple genes and deleting unwanted DNA fragments.