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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite (nano-Cu/LDPE)on the endometrial angiogenesis in rats,and 100 sexual mature female SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:sham-operation groups(SO group,n=20),bulk copper groups(Cu group,n=20),LDPE groups(n=20),nano-Cu/LDPE groups I(n=20)and II(n=20).The levels of angiopoietin-2(Ang-2),its receptor(Tie-2)and CD34 of the rats’ endometria in each group were examined by using the S-P method of the immunohistochemistry 30 and 180 days after insertion,respectively.Compared with those in the SO group,the expression of Ang-2 and Tie-2 in all the experimental groups was obviously increased 30 days after insertion,and these parameters in nano-Cu/LDPE groups,except for Ang-2 level in nano-Cu/LDPE group II,were significantly lower in comparison with those in Cu group (P＜0.05).On the 180th day after insertion,Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels were still higher in Cu group and LDPE group,but there was no difference of Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels between nano-Cu/LDPE groups and the SO group(P＞0.05).Compared with those in the SO group,the significant increases in microvessel density(MVD)were observed on the 30th and the 180th day after the insertion of the bulk copper(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in MVD counts before and after the insertion of nano-Cu/LDPE(P＞0.05).The results show that Nano-Cu/LDPE have slighter influence on the endometrial angiogenesis than bulk copper.