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目的评价中国城市社区居民步行环境量表的信度和效度,为该量表在中国的推广使用提供科学依据。方法采用拦截式方便抽样方法在上海市2个步行环境不同等级的小区抽取360名≥20岁社区常住居民进行问卷调查;采用同质性信度、分半信度、重测信度进行信度评价,采用内容效度和结构效度评价进行效度评价。结果中国城市社区居民步行环境量表总体的Cronbach’α系数、组内相关系数(ICC)和Spearm an相关系数分别为0.807、0.945和0.721;量表中配套生活设施便利情况、道路情况、美化情况、交通情况和治安情况与总量表的Pearson相关系数为0.395～0.840,除配套生活设施便利情况外,其他4个维度与总量表的相关系数均>0.5(P<0.01),该量表的内容效度较好;因子分析结果表明,4个因子的特征值分别为2.957、2.607、2.271和1.572,方差贡献率分别为17.392%、15.333%、13.357%和9.248%,累计方差贡献率为55.33%;除B4和D2 2个条目外,其他15个条目因子负荷均>0.4,该量表具有较好的结构效度。结论中国城市社区居民步行环境量表具有较好的信度与效度,可作为中国城市社区居民步行环境评价的有效工具。
Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the walking environment scale for urban residents in China and provide a scientific basis for the promotion and use of the scale in China. Methods Intercept-based convenience sampling method was used to survey 360 residents ≥ 20 years old residents in two different walks of life in Shanghai. Questionnaire survey was carried out using homogeneity reliability, semi-reliability and retest reliability Evaluation, using the content validity and structure validity evaluation for validity evaluation. Results The overall Cronbach’α coefficient, ICC and Spearm an correlation coefficient of walk environment scale of urban residents in China were 0.807, 0.945 and 0.721 respectively. The convenience facilities, road conditions and landscaping of living facilities in the scale , Pearson correlation coefficient of traffic condition and law and order situation and total scale was 0.395-0.840. The correlation coefficients of other four dimensions and total scale were all more than 0.5 (P <0.01), except for the convenience facilities, the scale The results of factor analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the four factors were 2.957, 2.607, 2.271 and 1.572, respectively, and the variance contribution rates were 17.392%, 15.333%, 13.357% and 9.248% respectively. The cumulative variance contribution rate was 55.33%. Except for B4 and D2, all other 15 items had a factor loading of> 0.4, and the scale had good structural validity. Conclusion The Chinese Urban Community Walk Environment Scale has good reliability and validity and can be used as an effective tool to evaluate the walking environment of urban residents in China.