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对3D地震数据进行盐丘构造的精确识别在地震数据分析应用中非常重要。本文提出了对三维偏移地震数据进行盐丘构造边界识别的新方法。本算法克服了目前边界识别技术中的不足,即二维数据只考虑x方向(测线方向)和y方向(垂直测线方向)的边界问题,三维数据只考虑x方向(测线方向)、y方向(垂直测线方向)和z方向(时间)的边界问题。算法结合了沿对角线方向和沿x、y、z方向计算得出的三维梯度,以达到对盐丘边界的精确探测。沿x、y、z和沿对角线方向的边界的联合检测保证了盐丘边界倾面表现为弱反射时本方法仍能获得较好的效果。不同与其它盐丘的边界及构造检测技术,本文提出的算法不依赖地震数据中的振幅变化。将本方法应用至公开的荷兰海洋F3号区块数据测试中,结果证明,本文方法对盐丘边界的探测精度高于单独使用基于梯度或基于结构的方法。更重要的是,算法计算效率高,可以满足实时实现及调度。
Accurate identification of salt domes for 3D seismic data is very important in seismic data analysis applications. In this paper, a new method of boundary identification of salt domes for 3D seismic data is proposed. This algorithm overcomes the shortcomings of the current boundary recognition technology, that is, the two-dimensional data considers only the boundary problems in the x direction (line direction) and the y direction (vertical line direction), and the three-dimensional data only considers the x direction (line direction) The boundary problem of y direction (vertical line direction) and z direction (time). The algorithm combines the three-dimensional gradient calculated along the diagonal direction and in the x, y, z directions to achieve accurate detection of salt dome boundaries. The joint detection along the x, y, z and diagonal boundaries ensures that the method still achieves good results when the rake face of the salt dome exhibits weak reflections. Unlike other salt dome boundaries and tectonic detection techniques, the proposed algorithm does not depend on changes in amplitude of the seismic data. Applying this method to a published data test of the Dutch Ocean F3 plots, the results show that the method proposed in this paper has higher detection accuracy on the salt dome than either the gradient-based or the structure-based method alone. More importantly, the algorithm is computationally efficient and can meet the real-time implementation and scheduling.