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目的通过造影分析蒙古族和汉族股动脉分叉位置差异,为今后蒙古族和汉族患者行股动脉穿刺介入诊疗提供可靠的解剖依据。方法540例经股动脉径路行冠状动脉造影和/或冠状动脉血管成形术的患者,其中蒙古族患者270例(部分来自蒙古国)(蒙古族组),汉族270例(汉族组)。蒙古族组男性201例,女性69例;年龄46～78岁,平均年龄62.4岁。汉族组男性198例,女性72例;年龄48～79岁,平均年龄63.1岁。术中常规行股动脉造影。以股骨头和耻骨联合为参照,透视下在股骨头上缘和耻骨联合中点之间做一连线,再沿股骨头下缘、股骨头中心做两条平行线,由上到下将腹股沟部分为A、B1、B2、C共4个区,对常规穿刺股动脉位置行造影评价,并对因穿刺位置引起的相关并发症进行回顾分析。结果蒙古族患者股动脉分叉位于A、B1、B2、C区分别为5.1%、29.4%、44.3%和21.2%;汉族患者股动脉分叉位于A、B1、B2、C区分别为1.2%、26.3%、32.7%和39.8%,两组患者股动脉分叉间差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组患者因股动脉穿刺导致的相关并发症分别为11.1%和2.2%(P<0.01)。结论蒙古族患者股动脉分叉位置较汉族患者股动脉分叉位置普遍偏高,股总动脉在股骨头中点以上区域分叉分别为73.7%和59.0%。在股骨头中点以下区穿刺股动脉蒙古族患者易出现与穿刺相关的并发症,所以对蒙古族患者行经股动脉径路介入时应在股骨头中点以上穿刺。
Objective To analyze the differences in the bifurcation position of the femoral artery between Mongolian and Han nationality by radiography and to provide a reliable anatomic evidence for interventional therapy of femoral artery in Mongolian and Han patients in the future. Methods A total of 540 patients undergoing coronary artery angiography and / or coronary angioplasty via the femoral artery approach were enrolled. Among them, 270 Mongolian patients (part Mongolian) and 270 Han (Han nationality) patients were Mongolian patients. The Mongolian group of 201 males and 69 females; aged 46 to 78 years, mean age 62.4 years. Han Chinese male 198 cases, 72 females; aged 48 to 79 years, mean age 63.1 years. Intraoperative routine femoral artery angiography. To the femoral head and pubic symphysis as a reference, under the perspective of the upper edge of the femoral head and pubic symphysis midpoint to make a connection, and then along the lower edge of the femoral head, femoral head center to do two parallel lines, from top to bottom will groin Part of A, B1, B2, C total of 4 areas, the conventional perforating femoral artery position line imaging evaluation, and the location of the puncture due to complications related to retrospective analysis. Results The bifurcation of femoral artery in Mongolian patients was 5.1%, 29.4%, 44.3% and 21.2% in A, B1, B2 and C, respectively. The bifurcation of femoral artery in Han was 1.2% , 26.3%, 32.7% and 39.8%, respectively. There were significant differences in femoral artery bifurcation between the two groups (P <0.01). Complications associated with femoral artery puncture in both groups were 11.1% and 2.2%, respectively (P <0.01). Conclusion The bifurcation position of femoral artery in Mongolian patients is generally higher than that in Han patients. The bifurcation of femoral artery in the area above the midpoint of femoral head is 73.7% and 59.0% respectively. In the area below the midpoint of the femoral head puncture femoral artery Mongolian patients prone to puncture-related complications, so Mongolian patients through the femoral artery approach should be punctured above the midpoint of the femoral head.