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一前言中国石油消费主要依靠中东地区的石油进口,但中国的石油安全与石油进口的多元化问题息息相关,因此,中国须要开辟除中东地区以外的其他石油供应地。俄罗斯是中国最大的邻国,也是世界最大的能源出口国之一,但俄罗斯石油目前仅占中国石油进口的不足10%,天然气则更少。在俄罗斯经济增长中,石油天然气出口的贡献率超过50%。中国与俄罗斯的能源合作兼具大国外交、周边外交和能源外交三面性。如何发挥地缘优势和传统经济合作优势,利用好俄罗斯的油气资源,关系到中国经济的可持续发展,对缓解国内油气资源供需矛盾也是必要及可行的。
I. INTRODUCTION China’s oil consumption mainly relies on oil imports from the Middle East. However, China’s oil security is closely linked to the diversification of oil imports. Therefore, China needs to open up other oil supply sources except the Middle East. Russia is China’s largest neighbor and one of the largest energy exporters in the world. However, Russian oil currently accounts for less than 10% of China’s oil imports and less natural gas. In Russia’s economic growth, oil and gas exports contributed more than 50%. The energy cooperation between China and Russia combines the powers of big country diplomacy, peripheral diplomacy and energy diplomacy. How to exploit the advantages of geographical advantages and traditional economic cooperation, make good use of Russia’s oil and gas resources, and have a bearing on the sustainable development of China’s economy is also necessary and feasible to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of oil and gas resources in China.