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在人员疏散计算过程中,通常将疏散准备时间取为一定值,而事实上它是一个服从概率分布的随机变量.通过利用GridFlow疏散模型研究了疏散准备时间及出口宽度对人员疏散的影响.在一个单空间建筑条件下,研究了疏散准备时间服从正态分布时,在不同人员密度条件下,对人员疏散的影响情况.同时,比较了当疏散准备时间服从正态分布和取为定值两种情形时计算得到的疏散时间的差异,阐述了当疏散准备时间取为定值时可能导致的两个主要缺陷.基于拥塞与排队理论,对计算结果进行了分析.此外,当疏散准备时间服从正态分布时,研究了出口宽度对整个疏散时间的影响.最后,根据计算结果,分析了整个疏散时间的概率分布状态.结果表明,当疏散准备时间平均值比较小的情况下,人员疏散时间主要受人员密度的影响;随着疏散准备时间平均值的增加,人员疏散时间受人员密度变化的影响越来越小.对于较长的疏散准备时间、较低的人员密度或较宽的出口,当疏散准备时间服从正态分布时,总的疏散时间也服从正态分布.
In the process of personnel evacuation calculation, the evacuation preparation time is usually taken as a certain value, but in fact it is a random variable subject to probability distribution. The evacuation model of GridFlow is used to study the effect of evacuation preparation time and exit width on personnel evacuation. Under a single-space construction condition, the evacuation of evacuation preparation time under normal distribution with different staffing density was studied.At the same time, when the evacuation preparation time obeys the normal distribution and takes the fixed value two The two main shortcomings that may arise when the evacuation preparation time is taken as a fixed value are described.According to the congestion and queuing theory, the calculation results are analyzed.In addition, when the evacuation preparation time obeys In the normal distribution, the effect of outlet width on the whole evacuation time was studied.Finally, the probability distribution of the evacuation time was analyzed according to the calculation results.The results showed that when the average evacuation preparation time was relatively small, evacuation time Mainly affected by the density of personnel; With the average time of evacuation preparation increased, the evacuation time of staff was close The effect of degree of change is getting smaller and smaller.For longer evacuation preparation time, lower staffing density or wider exit, when evacuation preparation time obeys normal distribution, the total evacuation time also obeys normal distribution.