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为了揭示水稻再生力和再生后期耐寒的遗传基础,本研究以“热粳35/协B”226个F2单株为材料,构建了1张含156个SSR标记的分子图谱。分别在水稻成熟、再生和再生后期调查单株穗数、再生穗数和再生后期穗数,利用Excel 2003和MAPMAKER 3.0软件进行性状相关分析和QTL检测。结果表明,3个性状在F2群体呈现连续正态分布,表现为数量性状遗传特征。再生穗数分别与单株穗数和再生后期耐寒穗数呈极显著正相关(0.37和0.36)。3个性状共检测到10个QTLs,分布在第1、2、6、7、8、11和12号染色体上。其中,数6个单株穗QTLs,LOD值介于2.61~79,贡献率介于0.67%~22.72%。2个再生穗数QTLs,LOD值分别为3.08和3.90,贡献率分别为16.01%和23.35%。2个再生后期穗数QTLs,LOD值分别为2.75和5.12,贡献率分别为12.18%和25.12%。3个性状各检测到1对上位性QTL,相同染色体上相同标记区间没有重复检测到同时控制3个性状QTLs。说明3个性状受独立的遗传因子控制,在分子层面上单株穗数、再生穗数以及再生后期耐寒穗数各性状间没相关性。
In order to reveal the genetic basis of rice regrowth and cold tolerance in the later regeneration stage, a molecular map of 156 SSR markers was constructed using 226 F2 individuals of “Hot Japonica 35 / Xiebai” as materials. The numbers of spikes per spike, the number of spikelets regenerated and the number of spikelets after regeneration were investigated in the late ripening, regeneration and regeneration stages respectively. The correlation analysis and QTL detection were performed using Excel 2003 and MAPMAKER 3.0 softwares. The results showed that the three traits showed a continuous normal distribution in F2 population, showing the genetic traits of quantitative traits. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of panicles per plant and the number of panicles per panicle (0.37 and 0.36), respectively. A total of 10 QTLs were detected in 3 traits, distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 11 and 12. Among them, the QTLs for spikelet number of six plants ranged from 2.61 to 79, with a contribution rate ranging from 0.67% to 22.72%. The QTLs and LODs of two spikelets were 3.08 and 3.90, respectively, and the contribution rates were 16.01% and 23.35% respectively. The QTLs and LOD values of 2 regenerated spikelets were 2.75 and 5.12, respectively, with contribution rates of 12.18% and 25.12%, respectively. Three pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected in each of the three traits, and no QTLs controlling three traits simultaneously in the same marker interval on the same chromosome. The results showed that the three traits were controlled by independent genetic factors. There was no correlation between traits per panicle, regenerated panicle number and cold tolerance panicle number at the molecular level.