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目的掌握凉山州乡镇免疫规划工作现况,为进一步总结经验、提高免疫接种率和有效预防相应传染病提供可靠依据。方法采用便利随机抽样方法选择乡、村、组,全面调查2014年免疫规划落实情况,同时检查县级免疫规划工作技术要素,综合评估全州乡镇免疫工作落实水平。结果 2014年凉山州乡镇免疫建卡率为87.17%,建证率为89.38%;8月龄至6岁组段麻疹(含麻)疫苗接种率为89.98%,2月龄~6岁组段脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种率为90.96%。调查结果还显示,民族乡镇居民的居所明显不固定,存在大量向平坝、经济发达地区和城镇迁移流动的现象;乡镇卫生院计免工作规范性普遍不足,缺乏佐证依据;工作人员的稳定性差,责任心还需要提高;多数乡镇的健康教育逐渐流于形式。结论凉山州乡镇免疫规划工作现况报告指标达到了边远山区工作标准,但是与实际便利随机抽样调查结果相比偏高,需要适度调整卫生资源,继续落实责任制和工作措施,不断检查督导,进一步巩固和提高本地的免疫规划工作。
Objective To understand the status quo of immunization planning in township of Liangshan Prefecture and provide a reliable basis for further summing up experience, raising vaccination rate and effectively preventing corresponding infectious diseases. Methods Convenient random sampling method was used to select villages, villages and groups to conduct a comprehensive survey on the implementation of immunization programs in 2014 and to check the technical elements of immunization planning at the county level so as to comprehensively evaluate the implementation level of immunization in Quanzhou townships. Results In 2014, the township immunization rate in Liangshan Prefecture was 87.17%, and the rate of establishing card was 89.38%. The measles (including cannabis) vaccination rate was 89.98% in 8 months to 6 years old, and the spinal cord in 2 months to 6 years old The vaccination rate for the gray-matter vaccine was 90.96%. The survey results also show that the residence of ethnic townspeople is obviously not fixed, and there are a large number of phenomena of migration and migration to Pingba, economically developed areas and cities and towns; the standardization of work-exemption in township hospitals is generally inadequate and there is no corroborative evidence; the stability of staff is poor; The sense of responsibility also needs to be improved; health education in most townships is gradually taking shape. Conclusion The reports on the status quo of immunization planning work in towns and villages in Liangshan Prefecture have reached the working standard of remote mountainous areas. However, compared with the results of random sampling in actual convenience, we need to adjust health resources moderately, continue to implement the responsibility system and work measures, Consolidate and improve local immunization programs.