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自噬是细胞维持内环境稳态的重要方式之一,它是一种细胞缺血及代谢应激时与缺氧相关联的幸存机制。在某些心血管疾病中,缺血(缺氧)微环境会通过多种途径激活自噬,适当的自噬能够降解自身受损蛋白等来维持细胞生存,但当自噬过度时,则会损伤细胞,甚至使细胞发生II型程序性死亡。目前,治疗这类心血管疾病的方式主要有药物疗法和干细胞移植法,而自噬在这其中扮演着重要角色。对于不同类型和不同程度的心血管疾病,自噬可作为促存活机制,也可作为促死亡机制。因此,如何利用自噬有效改善某些心血管疾病是难点所在。
Autophagy is one of the most important ways for cells to maintain homeostasis. It is a survival mechanism associated with hypoxia in cellular ischemia and metabolic stress. In some cardiovascular diseases, the ischemic (hypoxic) microenvironment activates autophagy via multiple pathways. Appropriate autophagy can degrade its own damaged protein to maintain cell survival. However, when autophagy is excessive, Damaging cells and even causing type II programmed cell death. Currently, the treatment of such cardiovascular diseases are mainly drug therapy and stem cell transplantation, and autophagy plays an important role in this. For different types and levels of cardiovascular disease, autophagy can be used as a pro-survival mechanism, but also as a mechanism to promote death. Therefore, how to use autophagy to effectively improve certain cardiovascular diseases is the difficulty.