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近年来,超声心动图已用于测量运动员心脏不同部位的室壁厚度和心腔内径大小的研究。现已明确,运动将引起心脏左室结构功能的实质性变化:心肌肥厚、心腔前后径和容积增大、心肌质量增加、射血分数和心腔前后径缩短率下降等等。对青少年全年训练周期中心脏结构功能的超声心动图变化研究有助于确立青少年心脏机能状态的评定标准,并在此基础上改进教学和训练过程。
In recent years, echocardiography has been used to measure the thickness of ventricular wall and the size of cardiac chambers in different parts of the heart of an athlete. It is now clear that exercise will cause substantial structural changes in cardiac left ventricular function: cardiac hypertrophy, increased anteroposterior diameter and volume of the heart chamber, increased myocardial mass, ejection fraction and shortening of the anteroposterior diameter and so on. Echocardiographic changes in cardiac structure and function during adolescent annual training cycles are helpful in establishing the assessment criteria for adolescent cardiac functioning and improving teaching and training on this basis.