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目的评价泉州市2001~2014年维持无脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)工作,为消灭脊灰提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对有关维持无脊灰工作数据进行统计分析。结果2001~2014年泉州市脊灰疫苗报告基础免疫接种率为98.17%~99.85%[1],共开展16次22轮脊灰疫苗强化免疫或查漏补种活动,共接种4 501 871人次,报告接种率平均为96.57%;15岁以下儿童急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例平均年报告发病率为2.28/10万,48h调查率、14d内双份合格便采集率、粪便标本7d内送达率、随访表75d内送达率分别为98.52%、92.76%、98.14%、99.81%,未发现脊灰野病毒确诊病例和VDPV病例,3次监测0~59岁健康人群434人脊灰抗体水平,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率均在90%以上,15岁以下人群阳性率均在96%以上,抗体几何平均滴度在较高水平,2011年3月在惠安县AFP病例的健康密切接触者中发现VDPV病毒,经处置后追踪监测4年后未发现续发案例。结论继续抓好常规免疫,维持高质量AFP病例监测,提高WPV输入疫情和VDPV相关事件应急处置能力,实施IPV(灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗)/OPV(口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗)序贯免疫程序直至以IPV代OPV,是继续维持无脊灰控制乃至最终消灭脊髓灰质炎的措施。
Objective To evaluate the work of maintaining poliomyelitis-free (poliomyelitis) in Quanzhou from 2001 to 2014 and provide the basis for the eradication of polio. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis of data related to the maintenance of polio-free work. Results The reported basic immunization rates of poliovirus in Quanzhou between 2001 and 2014 ranged from 98.17% to 99.85% [1]. A total of 22 rounds of poliovirus vaccine immunization or leak detection and replanting activities were conducted during the period from 2001 to 2014, of which 4,501,871 were inoculated. The reported average coverage was 96.57%. The average annual reported incidence of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in children under 15 years old was 2.28 per 100 000. The surveyed rate was 48 h and the double pass rate was obtained within 14 days. The stool specimens were delivered within 7 days Rates of follow-up were 75.52%, 92.76%, 98.14% and 99.81% respectively in the 75d follow-up table. No confirmed cases of poliovirus and VDPV were found, and 434 poliovirus antibodies were detected in 3 healthy people aged 0-59 years. The positive rates of type I, type II and type III antibodies were above 90%, and the positive rates of those below 15 years of age were above 96%. The geometric mean antibody titers were at a high level. In March 2011, the healthy close contact with AFP cases in Huian County VDPV virus was found in the follow-up monitoring after treatment did not find cases of continued after 4 years. CONCLUSIONS: Continuing routine immunization, maintaining high-quality surveillance of AFP cases, improving WPV input and VDPV-related emergency response capabilities, and implementing IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine) / OPV (oral live attenuated attenuated vaccine) The immunization program up to IPV on behalf of OPV is the continuation of poliomyelitis control and eventually polio eradication.