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钒元素最早作为一个重要的钢的合金元素,源自于钒钢回火后所得到的性能。由于透射电子显微镜的分辨率达到了~1 nm,以及选区电子衍射技术的进步,提升了对钒钢显微组织进行研究的兴趣。第二项及时的技术进步是控制轧制,特别是板、带产品控轧技术的开发。本概述的内容包括以下几方面的历史背景,即淬火回火钒钢,等温时效时、常规控轧时和薄板坯直接装炉时的析出,以及提高钒微合金钢强韧性的进展。介绍钒钢显微组织的特征,特别是析出物化学成分的分析方法及技术的进步,由于20世纪70年代X-光能谱分析的运用,电子能损失谱的运用使得钒微合金钢中碳和氮的定量分析得以实现。当今,关于钒钢还存在许多矛盾的课题。这些课题包括:钒碳化物均匀析出物的形核次序,这类形核是否是共格形核,钒析出物的化学成分,相间析出的形核机制,奥氏体中钒的碳氮化物形变诱导析出的重要性,相间析出和铁素体中的无序析出对屈服强度的贡献,以及工艺过程参数对性能的影响。对这些课题进行讨论,并将结合其它合金的长期研究,集中讨论热轧钒微合金钢。
The earliest vanadium element as an important alloying element of steel is derived from the properties obtained after tempering of vanadium steel. Due to the resolution of transmission electron microscope up to ~ 1 nm and the progress of selected electron diffraction, the interest in studying the microstructure of vanadium steel has been enhanced. The second timely technical progress is the control of rolling, especially the plate, with product control rolling technology development. This overview covers the historical background of quenching and tempering of vanadium steel, isothermal aging, conventional control of rolling and thin slab when the precipitation furnace directly installed, and improve the strength and toughness of vanadium microalloyed steel progress. In this paper, the characteristics of vanadium steel microstructure, especially the analytical methods of chemical composition of precipitates and the progress of technology are introduced. Due to the application of X-ray energy spectrum analysis in the 1970s, the application of electron energy loss spectroscopy makes the vanadium microalloyed steel carbon And nitrogen quantitative analysis can be achieved. Today, there are still many contradictory issues about vanadium steel. These topics include the order of nucleation of uniform precipitates of vanadium carbides, whether such nuclei are coherent nuclei, the chemical composition of vanadium precipitates, the nucleation mechanism precipitated by phases, the deformation of carbonitrides of vanadium in austenite The importance of induced precipitation, the interphase precipitation and the contribution of disordered precipitation in ferrite to yield strength, and the effect of process parameters on performance. Discuss these topics, and will be combined with long-term study of other alloys, focusing on hot rolled vanadium microalloyed steel.