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目的分析深圳市龙岗区手足口病流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集《国家疾病报告信息管理系统》和《深圳市疾病控制信息管理系统》中深圳市龙岗区2009—2011年手足口病疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果共报告手足口病26 933例,平均年发病率为239.38/10万;死亡20例,死亡率为0.18/10万。报告重症病例99例,重症率为0.37%(99/26 933)。发病存在2个高峰,主高峰为4—7月(15 759例,占58.51%),次高峰为9—10月(4 625例,占17.13%)。全区各街道均有发病,病例主要集中在布吉、龙岗、龙城及坪地4个街道,共报告病例19 971例,占总病例数的74.15%。病例集中在0～4岁年龄组,共报告24 087例,占总病例数的89.43%;病例男女性别比为1.77∶1;发病以散居儿童(15 124例,占56.15%)和托幼儿童为主(10 752例,占39.92%)。检测病例样本858份,检出病毒核酸阳性466份,阳性检出率为54.31%,其中EV71核酸阳性257份(占29.95%),CoxA16核酸阳性120份(占13.99%)。结论深圳市龙岗区手足口病发病具有明显的季节特征和人群特征,应采取综合性防治措施加强对儿童等重点人群的防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Longgang District, Shenzhen, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control strategy of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods The epidemic data of hand-foot-mouth disease in 2009-2011 in Longgang District of Shenzhen City were collected from National Disease Reporting Information Management System and Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results A total of 26 933 HFMD cases were reported, with an average annual incidence of 239.38 / 100 000 and 20 deaths with a mortality rate of 0.18 / 100 000. 99 cases of severe cases were reported, the rate of severe cases was 0.37% (99/26 933). There were two peaks in the incidence, with the main peak from April to July (15 759 cases, accounting for 58.51%) and the next peak from September to October (4625 cases, accounting for 17.13%). The streets of the district have morbidity. The cases mainly focus on four streets of Phuket, Longgang, Longcheng and Pingdi. A total of 19 971 cases were reported, accounting for 74.15% of the total number of cases. A total of 24 087 cases were reported, accounting for 89.43% of the total cases; the sex ratio of cases was 1.77:1; the incidence of diaspora (15 124 cases, 56.15%) and child care children (10 752 cases, accounting for 39.92%). A total of 858 cases were detected, of which 466 were positive. The positive rate was 54.31%, of which 257 (29.95%) were positive for EV71 and 120 (13.99%) for CoxA16. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Longgang District of Shenzhen City has obvious seasonal characteristics and population characteristics. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to strengthen the prevention and control of key populations such as children.