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小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)为我国重要海产经济鱼类之一,过度捕捞和环境污染等因素造成其资源日益衰退。研究小黄鱼种群遗传结构对其资源的保护及其可持续利用有十分重要的意义。该研究采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术对浙江舟山附近海域小黄鱼种群53个个体的mtDNA D-loop区全序列进行扩增,序列长度在795~801bp之间,长度差异不大。采用ClustalX1.83、MEGA3.1、DnaSP4.0等生物信息学软件进行遗传多样性分析,结果显示:53条小黄鱼线粒体DNA D-loop区的T、C、A和G碱基平均含量分别为30.3%、23.1%、32.3%和14.3%,排除13处核苷酸的插入或缺失后,共检测到93处转换和颠换位点,约占分析序列总长度的11.6%,其中包括53个单一多态位点和40个简约信息位点,共确定了52种单倍型,单倍型多样性(hd)为0.9993,单倍型间的平均遗传距离为0.012,转换/颠换平均值为4.305,平均核苷酸差异数(k)为9.73875,核苷酸多样性(π)为0.01233,表明舟山小黄鱼遗传多样性处于中等水平。
Pseudosciaena polyactis is one of the important marine fish in China. Over-fishing and environmental pollution have caused its resources to decline. It is of great importance to study the genetic structure of small yellow croaker population for the conservation of its resources and its sustainable utilization. This study used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the complete mtDNA D-loop region of 53 individuals from the small yellow croaker population near Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province. The sequence length ranged from 795 to 801 bp, with no significant difference in length. Genetic diversity analysis using ClustalX1.83, MEGA3.1, DnaSP4.0 and other bioinformatics software showed that the average contents of T, C, A and G bases in mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of 53 small yellow croaker were 30.3 %, 23.1%, 32.3% and 14.3%, respectively. After excluding 13 nucleotide insertions or deletions, 93 translational and transversion sites were detected, accounting for 11.6% of the total length of the analysis sequence, including 53 single A polymorphic locus and 40 parsimony informative sites, a total of 52 haplotypes were identified, the haplotype diversity (hd) was 0.9993, the average genetic distance between haplotypes was 0.012, the average value of conversion / transversion Was 4.305, the average number of nucleotide differences (k) was 9.73875, nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.01233, indicating that Zhoushan small yellow croaker genetic diversity at a moderate level.