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目的：评价男性青年从平原急进高原地区后低氧环境对胃肠功能的影响。方法人群试验采用分组调查由平原入伍到高原地区的男性官兵1244人。其中A组486人，地区海拔2260~2800 m；B组675人，海拔3800~4300 m；C组83人，海拔＞4500 m。对比分析各组消化系统症状反应及入住时间和海拔高度的关系。动物实验：将平原兔24只随机分为4组，每组6只。A组为对照组，B、C、D组为平原兔48 h内直接迁饲到海拔4320 m地区后1 d、7 d和30 d组。各组宰杀后取胃、小肠组织行HE染色进行病理学观察。结果人群试验结果：血氧饱和度均值：A、B、C组分别为93.2%、88.14%、74.50%；B、C组中单项症状阳性率均高于A组，且呈骤升趋势；恶心、呕吐、腹泻、黑便等症状差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），A、C组间食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻、黑便等症状差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；B、C组间恶心、腹胀、黑便等症状对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而食欲减退、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等症状差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。动物实验结果：与A组相比，B、C、D组胃、小肠均有不同程度的间质内血管充血明显，间质水肿，可见淋巴细胞，嗜中性粒细胞及嗜酸性细胞浸润等病理改变。结论从平原急进高原所致消化系统的低氧应激性症状反应与海拔高度成正比，尤其海拔 3800 m 以上地区的症状反应阳性率陡然升高，但随入住时间的延长而下降。兔胃、小肠细胞形态学改变以充血水肿为主。“,”Objective To explore how high altitude hypoxia environment effects gastro-intestinal function. Methods A total of 1,244 young male volunteers who were transferred to a high altitude environment from a plain were divided into three groups, group A of 486 people at between 2260 and 2800 miter over the sea level, group B of 675 people at between 3,800 and 4,300 miter, and group C of 83 people, at over 4,500 miter. The incidence rates of manifestations of high altitude stress were observed and the correlation between these manifestations and check-in time was analyzed. In an animal experiment, the 24 rabbits were divided into 4 groups with 6 rabbits in each group, the control group in plain (group A), group B, C, and D of which plain rabbits were transferred to 4,320 miters in 48 hours from the sea level at 1 day, 7 days and 30 days, their gastric and intestinal to HE staining for histopathology. Results In the human test, group A, B, and C’s mean SaO2 were 93.2% , 88.14% , and 74.50% , respectively. It reflected a statistic difference among the three groups on the incidence rates of nausea, vomitus, abdominal distension, anorexia, diarrhea and melena (P<0.05). The incidence rate of symptoms from the people who lived longer than 1 year was lower than those people who first entered the high altitude in group A and B. In the animal experiment, comparing with group A, it reflected congestion of interstitial blood vessel, congestion edema of interstitial filled with lymphocyte, acidophil and neutrophil infiltration in histopathology of gastro-intestinal in group B, C and D. Conclusion The manifestation of hypoxic stress response are in direct proportion with altitude. The incidence rate of these manifestations increases sharply in the areas above 3,800 miters. However, along with extended time, the incidence rate of acute symptoms gradually decreases. In a high altitude hypoxia environment, It mainly reflects congestion edema of interstitial gastro-intestinal cells changed in morphology and related to sea level and living time.