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目的应用mt DNA和r DNA基因特征重建我国按蚊属按蚊亚属的系统发育关系,以阐明各蚊种的亲缘关系。方法测定和分析我国按蚊属按蚊亚属17种蚊的mt DNA-COI和COII,以及r DNA-28S-D3基因序列,采用单基因和联合基因数据组以邻接法(NJ)、最大似然法(ML)和最小距离法(ME)构建系统发育树。结果 mt DNA-COI和COII基因,以及r DNA-28S-D3序列的长度分别为605bp、685 bp和370bp~406 bp。COI和COII在按蚊亚属成对蚊种间的遗传距离分别为0.002~0.111和0.001~0.105;而D3序列在多个蚊种间无差异,最大遗传距离为0.163。基于单基因COI和联合数据组“COI+D3”、“COI+COII+D3”构建的系统树拓扑结构一致、分支合理且稳定。各种团成员首先聚类,各大支分别对应4个种团,其间林氏按蚊种团与赫坎按蚊种团亲缘关系最近,须喙按蚊种团与之较远。结论构建的中国按蚊属按蚊亚属的分子系统发育树客观地阐释了各蚊种之间的亲缘关系,mt DNA-COI基因序列和多基因联合具足够的信息贡献量。
Objective To reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship between Anopheles sinensis and Anopheles from China using mt DNA and r DNA gene characteristics to elucidate the genetic relationship among mosquito species. Methods The mtDNA-COI and COII and rDNA-28S-D3 gene sequences of 17 mosquitoes of Anopheles sinensis in China were determined and analyzed. Using single gene and combined gene data set, The phylogenetic tree was constructed by ML and ME. Results The lengths of mt DNA-COI and COII genes and rDNA-28S-D3 sequences were 605 bp, 685 bp and 370 bp-406 bp, respectively. The genetic distance between COI and COII in the mosquito species was 0.002-0.1111 and 0.001-0.105, respectively. However, there was no difference in the number of D3 between mosquito species and the maximum genetic distance was 0.163. The topological structure of phylogenetic tree based on single gene COI and combined data set “COI + D3 ” and “COI + COII + D3 ” is consistent and the branch is reasonable and stable. All kinds of group members clustered first, and each big branch corresponded to 4 kinds of groups. In the meantime, the An. Linus species was closely related to the Ankara species in Herkan and the anopheles species was far away. Conclusion The molecular phylogenetic tree of Anopheles sinensis possesses an objective explanation of the genetic relationship among the mosquito species. The mtDNA-COI gene sequence and polygenes have sufficient information contribution.