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目的:调查广州市院前急救患者流行病学情况,探讨院前急救病例特点。方法:从广州市急救医疗指挥中心系统数据库中导出2008年度全部有效数据进行统计分析。结果:(1)在109682次出车中,各区、街道、医院出车数量最多的分别是白云区、石井街、广州医学院附属第二医院。(2)在97823次院前急救中,创伤是院前急救中最多的(尤其是交通意外),以21～50岁青壮年阶段最多,其次分别是神经系统、循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统急症,且均以51岁(尤其是70岁)以上的中老年阶段最多。(3)循环系统急症死亡(尤其是猝死)、呼吸系统急症死亡、神经系统急症死亡分别位居第一、第四、第五,均以51岁(尤其是70岁)以上的中老年阶段最多,其它类的死亡位居第二,以61岁以上的老年阶段最多,创伤死亡位居第三,以21～40岁中青年阶段最多。(4)男性院前急救的数量与死亡均明显高于女性。结论:(1)加强心脑血管病和呼吸系统疾病防治,提高中老年患者的常见急危重症早期识别与院前急救水平对降低死亡有重要意义。(2)加强安全生产、遵守交通法规、强化法制意识将是降低创伤,尤其是交通意外发生及其死亡的有力手段。
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological situation of prehospital emergency patients in Guangzhou and to explore the characteristics of prehospital emergency cases. Methods: All valid data of 2008 were derived from the system database of Guangzhou Emergency Medical Command Center for statistical analysis. Results: (1) In the 109,682 trips out of the bus, the districts with the largest number of outbound buses in the streets and hospitals were Baiyun District, Shijing Street and the second hospital attached to Guangzhou Medical College. (2) Of the 97,823 pre-hospital emergency services, trauma was the most pre-hospital emergency (especially in traffic accidents), with the largest number of young adults aged 21 to 50 years, followed by the nervous system, circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system The number of middle-aged and elderly patients aged 51 (especially 70) is the highest. (3) Circulatory emergency deaths (especially sudden death), respiratory emergency deaths, nervous system emergency deaths were the first, fourth and fifth, both at the age of 51 (especially over 70) in the most advanced stage , Followed by other types of deaths in the second place, with the highest number of elderly patients over 61 years of age, trauma deaths ranked third, with the largest number of youth aged 21 to 40 years. (4) The number and death of male first aid before hospitalization were significantly higher than those of women. Conclusion: (1) To strengthen the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases, and to improve the early identification of common and critically ill patients in middle-aged and elderly patients and the level of emergency care before hospitalization are of great significance to reduce death. (2) Strengthening safety in production, complying with traffic regulations and strengthening the awareness of the legal system will be powerful means to reduce trauma, especially traffic accidents and their deaths.