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在大吨位起重机的起重臂设计中,定量地、精确地计算起重臂的局部稳定性非常重要。但由于起重臂截面形状复杂以及作用应力分布不均匀,因而其计算难度较大。目前已有的研究成果表明,运用有限元法可以较精确地分析复杂截面形状的起重臂的局部稳定性,并获得其临界屈曲应力值。为此,以随车起重机六边形起重臂为例,在有限元分析软件ANSYS环境下,利用其参数化建模语言APDL对其局部稳定性有限元分析的全过程作了二次开发,包括建模中的模型参数提取及参数输入方法、载荷处理及载荷数值输入、约束施加、预应力及特征值解算以及采用优化方法寻求失稳半波长及临界应力等,并介绍了相应宏文件的形成以及定制分析流程方法。最后给出了一个实例的运行过程。
In the boom design of large tonnage cranes, it is important to calculate the local stability of the boom quantitatively and accurately. However, due to the complicated cross-sectional shape of the boom and the uneven distribution of the applied stress, it is difficult to calculate. At present, the research results show that the finite element method can be used to analyze the local stability of the boom with complicated cross-section and obtain the critical buckling stress. In this paper, taking crane crane hexagon jib as an example, under the environment of finite element analysis software ANSYS, the parametric modeling language APDL is used to develop the whole process of its finite element analysis of local stability. Including model parameter extraction and parameter input in modeling, load processing and numerical input of load, constraint application, prestressing and eigenvalue solution, as well as optimization methods to find out the half-wavelength of instability and critical stress. The corresponding macro files The formation of custom analysis and process methods. Finally, the running process of an example is given.