论文部分内容阅读
农药是一种生物活性物质,绝大多数品种对人体有一定的毒性,如使用不当,就可能造成中毒事故。据统计,全世界每年约200万人农药中毒,其中约有4万人死亡。农药中毒大体可分两种:一种是急性中毒,即农药一次被人体吸收的量较大,在短时间内引起急性病理反应,其对人体的危险性,决定于农药有效成分进入人体的数量及人的体质;另一种是慢性中毒,即低于急性中毒剂量的农药长期被人体摄入,而引起慢性病理反应的毒性,甚至会慢性毒性急性发作,还可引起癌症、畸胎、遗传性基因突变、神经系统中毒等。其对人体的危险性,决定于农药有效成分在人体内蓄积的数量及人体的体质。农药制剂无论是固态、液态还是气态,一般可通过人的呼吸道、皮肤或口进入人体。所以,农药的安全使用和防护,应针对以上情况采取具体措施。
Pesticide is a bioactive substance, most of the varieties of the human body has some toxicity, such as improper use, it may cause poisoning. According to statistics, there are about 2 million pesticide poisoning in the world every year, of which about 40,000 people are dead. Pesticide poisoning can be roughly divided into two types: one is acute poisoning, that is, a large amount of pesticide is absorbed by the human body in a short time to cause acute pathological reactions, the risk to the human body depends on the amount of pesticide active ingredient into the human body And the human body; the other is chronic poisoning, that is, the pesticide lower than the acute poisoning dose has been ingested by the human body for a long time, causing the toxicity of the chronic pathological reaction, even the chronic attack of acute toxicity, and can also cause cancer, teratogenesis, Sex mutations, nervous system poisoning. Its danger to the human body depends on the amount of active ingredients in the human body accumulated in the body and the body constitution of the human body. Pesticide formulations, whether solid, liquid or gaseous, can generally enter the human body through the human respiratory tract, skin, or mouth. Therefore, the safe use and protection of pesticides should be taken in view of the above situation to take concrete measures.