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目的了解青少年健康危害行为的变化,为青少年健康教育与健康促进提供参考。方法比较分析2002年、2005年、2007年和2011年4次开展的青少年健康危害行为监测资料。结果不健康饮食行为上升,2011年的检出率为30.94～66.81%;身体活动少,静坐时间增加,身体活动不到1 h的2011年为64.08%;欺侮、不安全的道路交通行为下降,校园欺侮2011年前3位依次是被取笑(17.07%)、被开色情玩笑或做色情动作(13.38%)、曾与人打架(10.64%)。不良情绪及其相关行为上升,2011年依次为学习压力大、失眠、孤独,分别是49.18%,30.19%,26.63%。性传播疾病知晓率提高、态度改善,但不安全的性行为上升,艾滋病3种传播途径回答正确率2011年为84.34～89.06%,有特殊异性朋友为20.40%;吸烟减少,饮酒上升,2011年尝试吸烟、吸完第一支烟分别为3.97%和2.48%,喝酒、曾喝酒太多而头晕分别是45.58%和12.79%;电子媒介更加普及,同时负面效应上升,2011年每天上网1 h或更长时间的为55.72%,网络成瘾症状大于等于5项为7.74%。结论开展青少年健康危害行为连续性监测能动态观察行为危险因素的变化过程,在疾病预防控制中发挥重要作用。
Objective To understand the changes of health hazards among adolescents and provide reference for adolescent health education and health promotion. Methods A comparative analysis of data on monitoring of health risks of adolescents conducted in 2002, 2005, 2007 and 2011 was conducted. The results of unhealthy eating behavior increased in 2011, the detection rate was 30.94 ~ 66.81%; less physical activity, increased sit-in time, physical activity less than 1 h in 2011 was 64.08%; bullying, unsafe road traffic behavior decline, the campus Bullying In 2011, the top three were teased (17.07%), pornographic jokes or pornography (13.38%), and people fought (10.64%). Bad mood and related behaviors increased in 2011, followed by learning pressure, insomnia, loneliness, respectively 49.18%, 30.19%, 26.63%. Awareness of sexually transmitted diseases increased, attitudes improved, but unsafe sexual behavior increased, the three AIDS transmission routes to answer the correct rate of 84.34 ~ 89.06% in 2011, with special friends of the opposite sex was 20.40%; smoking decreased alcohol consumption increased in 2011 Attempting to smoke and smoking the first cigarette were 3.97% and 2.48% respectively. Drinking alcohol, drinking too much and dizziness were 45.58% and 12.79% respectively. The electronic media became more popular while the negative effect increased. 55.72% for a longer period of time, and 7.74% for those with internet addiction greater than or equal to 5. Conclusion The continuous monitoring of adolescent health hazard behaviors can dynamically observe the changing process of behavioral risk factors and play an important role in disease prevention and control.