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引言 在20世纪80年代,输血机构发生的一连串不幸终于结束了,一个混乱伴随着改革,迅速地进行重要结构调整的时期开始了。当人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)被证明可由输血传播,并发现许多输血机构在采取适当的措施来保证供体血液和血浆质量这个问题上未给予重视时,血液变成了贬义词。从那时起,人们对血液安全性的理解就已经发生了巨大的变化。通过政治性的研讨,在几个国家开始实行了国家控制和更严格的规章制度,并开发了各种技术来减少病毒传播的危险,也开发了某些血液制品的代用品,尽管血液供应还谈不上安全,混乱也还没有绝迹。
Introduction In the 1980s, a series of misfortunes in blood transfusion agencies finally came to an end. A time when chaos was accompanied by reforms and rapid major structural adjustments began. When the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was shown to be transmitted by blood transfusions and many blood transfusion agencies were found to be under scrutiny on taking appropriate measures to ensure donor blood and plasma quality, blood became a derogatory term. Since then, people’s understanding of blood safety has changed dramatically. Through political discussions, several countries have begun to implement state control and stricter rules and regulations, and developed various technologies to reduce the risk of virus transmission. Some blood product substitutes have also been developed, even though the blood supply is still It is not safe, and chaos has not disappeared.