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园林,可以看作是人居环境的一种形式。住宅这种人居环境固然是必不可少的,但它太物质性,太偏重于人文方面;园林则满足了人的另一种环境要求,即人与自然的交往。所以,世界各地,不但都有人居的住宅,也同时几乎都有园林。英国哲学家培根(1561～1626)在《论造园》一文中说:“文明人类先建美宅,营园较迟,可见造园艺术比建筑更高一筹。”这就是园林的文化意义。
Gardens can be seen as a form of human settlement. Residential living environment is of course indispensable, but it is too material, too much emphasis on the humanities; gardens meet the people’s other environmental requirements, that is, people and nature. Therefore, not only do people live in dwellings in the world, but almost all of them also have gardens. The English philosopher Bacon (1561–1626) in the article “On the Garden” stated: “Civilized humans built beautiful homes first, and gardens are late. It can be seen that the art of gardening is higher than architecture.” This is the cultural significance of the garden.