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目的了解深圳市中学生身体活动及近视情况,为探索身体活动对视力的影响提供基础数据。方法对方便确定的深圳市5所高中,整群抽取全部高一学生,共3 952名,采用问卷调查方式调查学生的基本情况、视力状况、最近1周内身体活动情况、在晴天通常接触太阳光时间等信息。结果学生近视患病率为74.87%。大多数学生在每次体育课中真正进行体育锻炼或做运动的时间为10~30 min,最近7 d进行大强度体育活动、中等强度体育活动的天数均为1~2d,参加体力活动至少1 h的天数也为1~2 d。周一至周五学生晴天每天平均接触太阳光时间为2 h,周末为3 h。视力正常学生身体活动情况优于近视学生(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,多参与中等强度体育活动(B=-0.043,OR=0.958,P=0.011)、多接触太阳光(B=-0.120,OR=0.887,P=0.003)为视力保护因素。结论深圳市中学生视力状况不容乐观,身体活动不足。应鼓励学生积极参加体育锻炼和户外活动,增加接触太阳光时间,将有助于改善青少年视力状况。
Objective To understand the physical activity and myopia status of middle school students in Shenzhen and provide basic data for exploring the impact of physical activity on visual acuity. Methods A total of 3 952 high school students were randomly selected from 5 high schools in Shenzhen City. The questionnaires were used to investigate the students’ basic conditions, visual acuity and physical activity in the recent 1 week. In sunny days, they usually touched the sun Light time and other information. Results The prevalence of myopia was 74.87%. Most students in each physical class physical exercise or exercise time for the 10 ~ 30 min, the last 7 days of intensive physical activity, the number of days of moderate-intensity physical activity are 1 ~ 2d, to participate in physical activity at least 1 The number of h is also 1 ~ 2 d. Monday to Friday, students are exposed to the sun for an average of 2 hours daily on sunny days and 3 hours on weekends. Students with normal vision had better physical activity than those with myopia (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the participants were more likely to participate in moderate-intensity physical activity (B = -0.043, OR = 0.958, P = 0.011), and more contact with sunlight (B = -0.120, OR = 0.887, P = 0.003) . Conclusion The sight of middle school students in Shenzhen is not optimistic and their physical activity is not enough. Students should be encouraged to actively participate in physical exercises and outdoor activities and to increase their exposure to sunlight, which will help to improve their visual acuity.