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目的了解广州市接尘工人的健康状况及各类慢性非传染性疾病的分布特点,为在该人群中开展健康促进提供数据参考。方法对2013年进行职业健康检查的各类粉尘作业人群健康数据进行收集与整理,选入的研究对象共15 678名,分析研究对象各类疾病的患病情况及各检查项目的异常检出情况。结果粉尘作业工人疾病患病中以脂肪肝最高,检出率为15.15%,其后依次为各类心律失常和高血压,检出率分别为10.28%、9.99%;高血压、脂肪肝、消化性溃疡检出率男性高于女性,而各类心律失常、甲亢、血液系统疾病检出率则是女性高于男性(P均<0.05);高血压、脂肪肝、糖尿病检出率随年龄的增长而增高(P均<0.05);接触电焊烟尘工人的慢性病患病率普遍高于其他几种粉尘。结论在职业接尘人群中除了重点关注尘肺病外,仍不能忽视该人群的慢性非传染性疾病问题,推进其职业健康促进工作有效开展。
Objective To understand the health status of workers exposed to dust in Guangzhou and the distribution characteristics of various types of chronic non-communicable diseases so as to provide data reference for carrying out health promotion in this population. Methods A total of 15 678 subjects were selected to collect and sort the health data of all kinds of dust workers in occupational health examination in 2013. The prevalence of various diseases and the detection of abnormalities in each test item . Results The highest incidence of fatty liver was detected in the workers suffering from dust. The detection rate was 15.15%, followed by all kinds of arrhythmia and hypertension. The detection rates were 10.28% and 9.99% respectively. Hypertension, fatty liver, digestion The detection rate of sex ulcer was higher in males than in females, while the detection rate of all kinds of arrhythmias, hyperthyroidism and hematological diseases was higher in females than in females (all P <0.05). The prevalence of hypertension, fatty liver and diabetes was higher with age (P <0.05). The prevalence of chronic diseases in workers exposed to welding fume was generally higher than those in other kinds of dust. Conclusion In addition to focusing on pneumoconiosis among the population exposed to occupational diseases, the problem of chronic non-communicable diseases in this population can not be neglected, and the promotion of occupational health promotion should be carried out effectively.