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目的掌握郑州市农村饮用水安全工程项目实施后水质状况,及时采取应对措施并探讨管理策略。方法连续5年对本市3 660处农村饮用水安全工程监测点进行监测,分别在丰水期(8月)和枯水期(3月)按要求采集水质样品并检验,对监测数据进行收集分析、评价。结果 2008-2012年本市农村饮用水工程水质合格率较低,5年间出厂水和末梢水水质检测结果差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.12,P﹥0.05);出厂水在丰水期和枯水期水质检测结果差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.34,P﹤0.01),枯水期水质好于丰水期;末梢水在丰水期和枯水期水质检测结果差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.25,P﹤0.05),枯水期水质好于丰水期。微生物指标合格率低是影响水质的主要因素。结论本市农村饮用水安全工程水质存在一定的安全隐患,微生物指标超标较为严重。该项工程应从立项、设计、建造开始,借鉴其他卫生工程卫生学评价工作方法对农村饮用水安全工程进行卫生学评价,同时,加强宣教、政府投入、工程管理、监测,保障农村饮水安全。
Objective To understand the water quality of rural drinking water safety projects in Zhengzhou and take timely measures and discuss management strategies. Methods The monitoring points of rural drinking water safety projects in 3 660 rural areas were monitored for 5 consecutive years. The water quality samples were collected and tested as required during the wet season (August) and the dry season (March) respectively. The monitoring data were collected, analyzed and evaluated . Results The passing rate of water quality of rural drinking water projects in this city was low from 2008 to 2012. There was no significant difference in the water quality of the ex-factory water and the peripheral water between the years of 2012 and 2012 (χ2 = 2.12, P> 0.05). In the wet season and the dry season Water quality test results were statistically significant (χ2 = 8.34, P <0.01), dry season water quality is better than wet season; peripheral water in wet season and dry season water quality test results were significantly different (χ2 = 5.25, P <0.05 ), Dry season water quality is better than the wet period. The low qualification rate of microbial indicators is the main factor affecting water quality. Conclusion The water quality of rural drinking water safety project in this Municipality has some potential safety problems, and the indicators of microorganisms exceed the standard seriously. The project should start from project establishment, design and construction, draw lessons from other hygienic engineering hygiene evaluation methods for hygiene evaluation of rural drinking water safety project, meanwhile, strengthen education, government investment, project management and monitoring to ensure rural drinking water safety.