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清代,从总督、巡抚到府州县的各级地方行政长官和主管官吏,大都聘请一些饱读诗书、精明能干的才学之士作为幕友,来帮助自己裁决民事刑事案件、征收赋税钱谷、处理公私函件、出纳各种费用和筹划军机方略等事务。幕友也称幕宾、幕僚、师爷、西宾和馆宾等名,他们不属于国家行政系统,不纳入官吏的编制,其辞聘和工作安排都独立于官府之外,由幕主自行解决。幕友的工作报酬,一般从幕主的俸禄和养廉银中支取,他们和幕主的关系是宾主关系,在地位
In the Qing Dynasty, most governors and governors from governor-general and governor to prefectures in prefectures mostly employed some well-versed scholars who were well versed in poetry and literature to help them decide on civil criminal cases, Dealing with public and private correspondence, various kinds of expenses for cashiering and planning of military aircraft strategies. Also known as the curtain call friends, aides, teachers, Xibin and pavilion guest names, they do not belong to the state administration system, not included in the establishment of officials, their resignation and work arrangements are independent of the government, the curtain themselves to solve. The compensation for the work of the mubarak usually depends on the salary of the chief mogul and the silver bribe. The relationship between the mubarak and the mubarak is the host-guest relationship.