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北京山区是调节首都生态环境的重要保护带,水土保持是北京山区改善生态环境的迫切需要,建立北京山区水土保持生态安全评价体系具有特殊意义。以北京的7个山区、县为研究对象,参考现有生态安全评价体系与方法,应用压力-状态-响应模型,选取影响水土保持生态安全的13项指标,建立了水土保持生态安全评价指标体系。依据指标体系选取2007,2009,2012这3a的数据运用熵权法确定指标权重,利用灰色关联法分析2007-2012年北京山区水土保持生态安全状况。结果表明:2007-2009年北京山区7区县水土保持生态安全指数由0.2008~0.2753上升至0.2205~0.3268,水土保持生态安全状态整体呈现好转趋势;2009-2012年其状态受自然灾害影响明显,状态呈现下降趋势,水土保持生态安全指数下降至0.2001~0.2825。水土保持生态安全指数与水土保持治理力度呈显著正相关,自然灾害引起的指标变化成为影响水土保持生态安全的主要因子。
The mountainous area in Beijing is an important belt for regulating the ecological environment of the capital. Soil and water conservation is an urgent need to improve the ecological environment in Beijing’s mountainous areas. It is of special significance to set up an evaluation system for ecological security of soil and water conservation in mountainous areas in Beijing. Taking the 7 mountain counties and counties in Beijing as the research objects and referring to the existing system and method of ecological security assessment, 13 indicators of the ecological security of soil and water conservation are selected by using the pressure-state-response model and the index system of ecological security assessment of soil and water conservation is established . According to the index system, the data of 2007, 2009 and 2012 are selected to determine the index weights by using the entropy weight method. The gray correlation method is used to analyze the ecological security of soil and water conservation in Beijing’s mountainous areas in 2007-2012. The results show that in 2007-2009, the ecological safety index of soil and water conservation in 7 districts and counties in Beijing mountainous area increased from 0.2008 ~ 0.2753 to 0.2205 ~ 0.3268, and the overall ecological security of soil and water conservation showed a turnaround trend. From 2009 to 2012, its status was significantly affected by natural disasters. Showing a downward trend, soil and water conservation ecological safety index fell to 0.2001 ~ 0.2825. Soil and water conservation indicators of ecological security and soil and water conservation efforts were significantly positive correlation, natural disasters caused by indicators of change has become the main factor affecting soil and water conservation of ecological security.