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瑞士位于欧洲中西部,面积4.13万平方公里,人口631万左右。全境为山地高原。南部有阿尔卑斯山,中部为高原及汝拉山区。河谷交错,是欧洲一些重要河流的发源地。莱茵河、多瑙河、波河、罗纳河均发源于瑞士境内。水利资源丰富,基本已完全开发利用。全国发电站装机约1400万千瓦,其中水电装机1100万千瓦,年总发电量500亿度左右,按人均是世界最高水平的国家之一。由于境内河流均为发源河段。因此,水力资源都具有高水头、小流量的特点,所建电站较多为中小型,一般装机容量为20～30万千瓦。多数电站采用水斗式水轮机、针形阀等高水头水力机械;少数中水头电站采用轴向辐流式
Switzerland is located in the central and western Europe, an area of 41,300 square kilometers, population 6310000. Throughout the mountain plateau. The southern Alps, the central plateau and the Jura mountains. Staggered valley, is the birthplace of some important European rivers. Rhine, Danube, Po River, Rhone River originated in Switzerland. Rich water resources, the basic has been fully developed. The installed capacity of power stations in the country is about 14 million kilowatts, of which hydropower installed capacity is 11 million kilowatts and annual generating capacity is about 50 billion kilowatt hours. Per capita, one of the highest per capita in the world. As the territory of the river are the origin of the river. Therefore, the hydraulic resources are characterized by high water head and small flow rate. Most of the hydropower stations built are small and medium-sized with a typical installed capacity of 200,000 to 300,000 kilowatts. Most power plants using water bucket turbines, needle valves and other high-head hydraulic machinery; a small number of head power station using axial radial flow